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Fermentation

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Chemical & Product GuidesSep 14, 202617 min read

How Is Citric Acid Made? The 1917 Mold Discovery That Replaced Lemons

Citric acid (C6H8O7, CAS 77-92-9) is made commercially by fermentation, not by squeezing lemons. About 99% of world supply comes from microbial fermentation, mostly with the...

Chemical & Product GuidesJul 30, 202615 min read

Bioreactor CIP Chemistry: Caustic Soda, Nitric Acid, Passivation and pH Control for Precision Fermentation

Bioreactor CIP chemistry is the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and nitric or phosphoric acid in a five-stage clean-in-place cycle for precision fermentation equipment. The process...

Industrial ApplicationsAug 7, 202511 min read

The Winemaker's Secret Weapon: A Pro's Guide to Cleaning with Soda Ash

Every winemaker battles two things: stubborn, caked-on grime and unbalanced, overly acidic must. What if one economical product could solve both? This expert guide dives deep...

Articles

How Is Citric Acid Made? The 1917 Mold Discovery That Replaced Lemons

Bioreactor CIP Chemistry: Caustic Soda, Nitric Acid, Passivation and pH Control for Precision Fermentation

The Winemaker's Secret Weapon: A Pro's Guide to Cleaning with Soda Ash

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