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Product Overview
Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade is a strong, highly corrosive mineral acid widely used across industrial sectors. Chemically known as aqueous Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) and historically referred to as Muriatic Acid or Spirits of Salt, this solution is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. With a concentration of 31%, it offers the high acidity required for aggressive chemical processing while maintaining stability for storage and transport.
This Technical Grade reagent is manufactured to strict specifications, ensuring a consistent assay of 30-32% HCl by weight. It is free from suspended matter and formulated to minimize heavy metal impurities, making it suitable for demanding applications such as steel pickling, ore processing, and large-scale pH neutralization. Industrial buyers rely on this product for its predictable reaction kinetics and compatibility with standard acid-resistant dosing systems.
Key Properties
- Assay (HCl): 30.0% – 32.0%
- Grade: Technical
- Appearance: Clear, colorless to light yellow liquid
- Specific Gravity: 1.15 – 1.20 (Typical 1.175 at 20°C)
- Molecular Weight: 36.46 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 110–120°C
- CAS Number: 7647-01-0
Common Applications
- Metal Processing & Pickling: Effectively removes rust, mill scale, and oxidation from steel and ferrous metals prior to galvanizing, extrusion, or coating.
- Water Treatment & pH Control: Used extensively to lower pH in wastewater treatment streams, swimming pools, and industrial process water to neutralize alkalinity.
- Masonry & Concrete: Standard industry solution for etching concrete floors before coating and cleaning mortar stains from brickwork.
- Chemical Manufacturing: Acts as a primary catalyst and reactant in the production of organic and inorganic compounds, including chlorides and fertilizers.
- Oil & Gas: Utilized in well acidizing processes to dissolve rock formations and improve well permeability.
Safety Precautions
DANGER: Hydrochloric Acid is extremely corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It causes severe burns and eye damage. Vapor is irritating to the respiratory system.
- Handling: Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wear acid-resistant protective clothing, chemical splash goggles, face shield, and impervious gloves.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. Store in corrosion-resistant containers (HDPE, rubber-lined steel). Keep away from strong bases, amines, and metals.
- Emergency: IF ON SKIN: Rinse immediately with plenty of water. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present. Seek immediate medical attention.
Benefits
High Industrial Potency: 31% concentration ensures rapid reaction rates for descaling and neutralization tasks.
Versatile Utility: Functions as both a raw material in synthesis and a utility chemical for cleaning and maintenance.
Bulk Availability: Sourced in sizes ranging from 1 gallon bottles to 330 gallon totes to suit operation scale.
Related Products
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 36.46 g/mol |
| Formula | HCl |
| Assay | 31% |
| Grade | Technical |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Form | Liquid |
| Solubility | Highly water soluble, polar solvent compatible |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless corrosive liquid |
| Melting Point | -74 °C |
| Boiling Point | 108 °C |
| Specific Gravity | 1.15 |
| Industry | Industrial, Chemical Processing, Research, Wastewater Treatment |
Frequently Asked Questions About Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade
What is Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade and what is its chemical formula?
Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade is a chemical compound with the molecular formula HCl, registered under CAS Number 7647-01-0 by the Chemical Abstracts Service (PubChem), with a molecular weight of 36.46 g/mol. Alliance Chemical supplies Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade in Technical grade for laboratory, industrial, and commercial applications.
What are the physical properties of Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
According to the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade is supplied as a clear, colorless corrosive liquid. It has a melting point of -74°C, a boiling point of 108°C, a flash point of Not applicable. The specific gravity is 1.15 relative to water. Solubility: Highly water soluble, polar solvent compatible.
What grade and purity of Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade does Alliance Chemical offer?
Alliance Chemical offers Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade in Technical grade with a purity assay of 31%. Every lot ships with a Certificate of Analysis (COA) and Safety Data Sheet (SDS) prepared in accordance with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200 and GHS Revision 7. Download SDS.
What are common industrial applications of Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade serves a wide range of sectors, including Industrial, Chemical Processing, Research, and Wastewater Treatment.Alliance Chemical provides the documentation and quality certifications required for use in regulated environments.
What PPE is required when handling Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
OSHA-mandated PPE per 29 CFR 1910.132-138:Chemical-resistant gloves (20+ mil neoprene or PVC), full face shield over safety goggles (ANSI Z87.1), acid-resistant apron or chemical suit, closed-toe chemical-resistant footwear. Respiratory protection (organic vapor cartridge) required in areas exceeding PEL/TLV per 29 CFR 1910.134. Emergency eyewash station and safety shower must be accessible within 10 seconds per ANSI Z358.1. Consult the SDS available from Alliance Chemical for complete PPE requirements.
What are the storage requirements for Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
Store perOSHA 29 CFR 1910.106: Approved flammable storage cabinet, maximum 60 gallons per cabinet, grounding/bonding required. Temperature range:15-25°C. Segregate from:bases, reactive metals, organic materials. Maximum storage:2-3 years unopened.
What is the emergency spill procedure for Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
Emergency response per EPA SPCC (40 CFR 112) and OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120: (1) Alert personnel, evacuate area to 100 feet. (2) Eliminate ignition sources if flammable. (3) Don PPE per SDS Section 8. (4) Stop leak if safe; use emergency shutoffs. (5) Contain with non-combustible absorbent materials, dike with sand/earth. (6)Carefully neutralize with sodium bicarbonate (5-10% solution), monitor exothermic reaction. (7) Collect in DOT-approved containers, label as hazardous waste. Reportable Quantity: 5000 lbs. Emergency: Chemtel 1-800-255-3924 (24/7). Non-emergency: Alliance Chemical 512-365-6838.
What is the DOT shipping classification for Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
DOT Classification per 49 CFR 172.101:See SDS Section 14 for specific UN number, Hazard Class8 (Corrosive), Packing GroupII/III. Requires: Hazmat shipping papers (49 CFR 172.200), UN specification packaging (49 CFR 173), hazmat labels (172.400). Alliance Chemical ships all orders in DOT-compliant packaging with proper documentation.
How must Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade waste be disposed?
Disposal per RCRA (40 CFR 261-265):Characteristic waste D002 (Corrosive, pH ≤2 or ≥12.5). Generator requirements: EPA ID number required if >100 kg/month (40 CFR 262.12). Use EPA-permitted Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (TSDF). Never discharge to sewer without POTW written approval (40 CFR 403). Container disposal: Triple rinse (40 CFR 261.7), offer for reconditioning/recycling. State regulations may be more stringent — check with your local environmental agency. Consult the Alliance Chemical SDS for product-specific disposal guidance.
Does Alliance Chemical provide an SDS and COA for Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade?
Yes. Alliance Chemical provides a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and Certificate of Analysis (COA) for every lot of Hydrochloric Acid 31% Technical Grade. The SDS is prepared in accordance with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200 and the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) Revision 7, covering all 16 required sections including hazard identification, first aid measures, firefighting measures, handling and storage, exposure controls, and regulatory information. The SDS is available for download directly from this product page. COAs are available upon request by contacting Alliance Chemical at 512-365-6838.
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