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Acids
Sulfuric, Hydrochloric, Nitric & more — ACS to technical grade
78 products
About Acids
About Acids
Acids are chemical compounds characterized by their ability to donate protons (H+) or accept electron pairs, typically manifesting a pH level below 7.0. Alliance Chemical provides a robust catalog of mineral and organic acids, including Sulfuric Acid (CAS 7664-93-9), Nitric Acid (CAS 7697-37-2), Phosphoric Acid (CAS 7664-38-2), and Acetic Acid (CAS 64-19-7). These high-purity reagents are fundamental to industrial processes ranging from metal finishing and semiconductor fabrication to large-scale wastewater neutralization.
Common Applications
- Industrial pH Neutralization: Utilizing Sulfuric Acid at 93% or 96% concentrations to balance alkaline wastewater streams in municipal and industrial treatment plants.
- Stainless Steel Passivation: Application of Nitric Acid (65%-70% ACS Grade) to remove free iron from surfaces, ensuring the formation of a protective chromium oxide layer.
- Lead-Acid Battery Maintenance: Utilizing 37% Battery Grade Sulfuric Acid as the critical electrolyte for energy storage systems and automotive power.
- Metal Etching & Rust Removal: High-concentration Phosphoric Acid is used to convert iron oxide into water-soluble ferric phosphate for surface preparation.
- Equipment Descaling: Employing Citric Acid for the non-toxic removal of calcium and magnesium scale in food processing and laboratory heat exchangers.
- Vegetation Control: Concentrated Acetic Acid (30%, 45%, or 75%) serves as a potent, non-synthetic alternative for industrial horticultural management.
- Concrete Etching: Muriatic (Hydrochloric) Acid is applied to open the pores of concrete surfaces before industrial coatings or stains are applied.
What We Carry
We supply acids in multiple purity levels to meet stringent regulatory and process requirements. Our inventory spans from ultra-pure ACS Reagent grades for analytical chemistry to Technical grades for bulk industrial use.
| Grade | Purity / Standard | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| ACS Reagent | 99.9%+ / ACS Specs | Laboratory Analysis, Research, & Semiconductor Fab |
| Battery/Electrolyte | Specific Gravity 1.265 | Lead-Acid Batteries & UPS Systems |
| Technical | Industrial Standard | pH Neutralization, Cleaning, & Bulk Synthesis |
| Food Grade (FCC) | Food Chemicals Codex | Food Processing & Beverage Acidification |
Available packaging includes 1-quart bottles, 1-gallon containers, 5-gallon pails, 55-gallon drums, and 275-330 gallon IBC totes for high-volume operations.
Safety & Handling
Most industrial acids are classified as GHS05 Corrosive and may cause severe skin burns and eye damage. Personnel must wear appropriate PPE, including chemical-resistant nitrile or butyl rubber gloves (minimum 14 mil), indirect-vent splash goggles, a full face shield, and an acid-resistant apron when handling concentrated solutions.
Storage must comply with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200 (HazCom) and NFPA 400 (Hazardous Materials Code). Acids must be stored in secondary containment, separate from bases, cyanides, and flammable solvents to prevent hazardous exothermic reactions. Spent acids are often classified as RCRA D002 corrosive waste; ensure disposal follows EPA and local regulations. Review the Safety Data Sheets before use.
Sourcing & Quality
Shipped from Taylor, Texas — same-day on in-stock items.
COA included with every order. Certificate of Analysis documents lot-specific purity and specifications.
28 years serving 55,000+ customers including 244 federal contracts.
✓ SDS Included ✓ COA Available ⚡ Same-Day Shipping ★ No Minimum Order
Last updated: March 2026
Frequently Asked Questions
What concentration of sulfuric acid is required for industrial pH adjustment?
Sulfuric Acid 93% (Technical Grade) is the industry standard for large-scale pH adjustment in wastewater treatment. Its high density and concentration allow for precise dosing with lower volume requirements compared to 30% or 50% solutions. For laboratory settings requiring higher purity, 96% ACS Reagent grade is preferred.
How should acids be stored according to OSHA and NFPA standards?
In accordance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.106 and NFPA 400, acids must be stored in dedicated, corrosion-resistant cabinets or secondary containment areas. They must be physically separated from incompatible materials such as bases, oxidizers, and flammables. Proper GHS labeling, including the GHS05 Corrosive pictogram, must be visible on all primary and secondary containers.
What is the difference between ACS Reagent Grade and Technical Grade acids?
ACS Reagent Grade acids meet or exceed the purity standards established by the American Chemical Society, making them suitable for analytical research and pharmaceutical applications. Technical Grade acids are intended for industrial purposes where trace impurities (parts per million) do not interfere with the overall process, such as bulk etching or neutralization.
What is the proper DOT shipping classification for concentrated acids?
Most industrial acids are classified under DOT 49 CFR as Class 8 Corrosive substances. For example, Sulfuric Acid concentrations over 51% are assigned UN1830, Packing Group II. Shipping requires compliant hazardous material packaging, specific labeling, and a detailed Bill of Lading (BOL) as mandated by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA).
How do I safely neutralize a small sulfuric acid spill in a facility?
Spills should be neutralized using a buffering agent such as sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or a dedicated industrial acid neutralizer until the pH reaches 6.0-9.0. Refer to OSHA 1910.120 for HAZWOPER guidelines during response. Always wear a face shield and chemical-resistant apron, as neutralization is an exothermic reaction that generates significant heat.
Can nitric acid be used for passivating all types of stainless steel?
Nitric acid (concentrations of 20% to 50% per ASTM A967) is effective for 300 and 400 series stainless steel passivation. However, for sensitive alloys or certain 400 series grades, Citric Acid is often substituted to reduce environmental impact and prevent etching. The choice depends on the specific alloy and the required salt spray resistance standards.
What are the EPA RCRA requirements for disposing of spent acids?
Under EPA RCRA regulations (40 CFR Part 261), spent acids with a pH less than or equal to 2.0 are classified as D002 Characteristic Hazardous Waste. Facilities must manifest these wastes and utilize a licensed TSDF (Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility) for neutralization and disposal unless an on-site wastewater permit allows for neutralized discharge.
What concentration of vinegar is needed for industrial vegetation control?
Industrial horticultural vinegar typically requires a minimum concentration of 20% to 30% acetic acid to be effective. Alliance Chemical offers concentrations up to 75% for heavy-duty applications. Unlike consumer-grade white vinegar (5%), these industrial strengths are highly corrosive and require full skin and eye protection during application.
Guides & Resources
The Professional's Guide to Industrial Acids: Uses, Science & Safety
Read article →
Sulfuric Acid Concentrations: 30% to 96% Guide
Read article →
The Definitive Guide to Nitric Acid Passivation of Stainless Steel
Read article →
Phosphoric Acid: The Industrial Workhorse
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How to Neutralize a Sulfuric Acid Spill: Complete Industrial Response Guide
Read article →Industries Using Acids
See how acids products are used across different industries.
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