What is Calcium Chloride?

Calcium chloride (chemically represented as CaCl2 and sometimes abbreviated as cacl or misspelled as calcium cloride) is a highly soluble, hygroscopic crystalline solid. Whether you are sourcing technical-grade desiccant for industrial drying or comparing it against magnesium chloride ice melt for winter road maintenance, understanding its physical properties is critical. With a molecular weight of 110.98 and a melting point of 782°C (1439.6°F), this 100% technical-grade solid absorbs moisture directly from the air. It releases significant heat when dissolved in water, making it highly effective for suppressing airborne dust and melting ice at sub-zero temperatures.

Calcium Chloride vs. Magnesium Chloride Ice Melt

When selecting a deicer, facility managers often compare calcium chloride against magnesium chloride. Both are hygroscopic salts, but they possess different thermal properties and operational limits.

Calcium chloride (CaCl2) dissolves exothermically, meaning it actively generates heat as it melts ice. This allows it to perform rapidly in extreme cold. Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate (MgCl2 · 6H2O) also melts ice effectively but operates with a different molecular weight (203.3) and melting point (117°C / 242.6°F). Alliance Chemical offers Magnesium Chloride as a USP Grade solid, whereas our Calcium Chloride is a 100% Technical Grade powder.

Dust Control and Road Maintenance

Unpaved roads, construction sites, and mining operations rely on calcium chloride for dust suppression. Because it is highly hygroscopic, the fine crystalline powder draws moisture from the surrounding humidity to keep the ground damp.

• Moisture Retention: Binds fine dust particles to heavier gravel, preventing them from becoming airborne.
• Surface Stability: Reduces the frequency of grading and gravel replacement.
• Application: Typically applied as a dry powder or dissolved into a liquid brine. Consult the product SDS for proper handling procedures and dilution ratios during application.

Concrete Acceleration and Industrial Uses

In the construction industry, calcium chloride acts as a concrete accelerator. Adding it to the concrete mix reduces set times, which is particularly valuable during cold-weather pours where freezing temperatures would otherwise halt curing.

Beyond construction, its high water solubility makes it a standard component in wastewater treatment facilities for removing suspended solids. It is also utilized as a powerful desiccant in industrial drying tubes and gas purification processes.

Physical Properties and Solubility

Understanding the physical profile of calcium chloride ensures proper formulation and storage. According to its chemical dossier (CAS 10043-52-4), it presents as a white, fine crystalline powder.

• Boiling Point: 1935°C (3515°F)
• Melting Point: 782°C (1439.6°F)
• Solubility: Highly soluble in water; moderate solubility in alcohol.
• Flash Point: Not applicable.

Safe Handling and Storage Guidelines

Because calcium chloride aggressively absorbs moisture, it must be stored in tightly sealed, airtight containers to prevent clumping and degradation. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials.

When mixing with water, always add the solid to the water slowly to control the exothermic heat release. For specific personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements, hazard classes, and spill cleanup procedures, always consult the linked Safety Data Sheet (SDS).

Frequently Asked Questions