Chemical laboratory

Sulfuric Acid Battery Acid

High-Purity Electrolyte for Lead-Acid Battery Systems

  • CAS 7664-93-9
  • Formula H₂SO₄
  • Flash Pt N/A °C
  • Density 1.28 g/cm³ (for 37% solution)
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Physical & Chemical Properties

Property Value Unit
Boiling point Approximately 110°C (for 37% solution) °C
Flash point N/A °C
Density 1.28 g/cm³ (for 37% solution) g/cm³
Solubility Miscible with water -
Ph < 1 (for 37% solution) -
Molecular weight 98.08 g/mol g/mol
Melting point Approximately -35°C (for 37% solution) °C
Vapor pressure Approximately 2.1 mmHg at 25°C (for 37% solution) mmHg
Autoignition temp N/A -
Appearance Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid -
Odor Odorless -
Vapor density 3.4 (air = 1) g/cm³

Overview

Sulfuric Acid Battery Acid (H₂SO₄) is a highly concentrated inorganic acid specifically formulated for battery applications and industrial processes. With a molecular weight of 98.08 g/mol and density of 1.28 g/cm³, this clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid serves as a critical component in lead-acid battery systems and various chemical manufacturing processes. Its strong acidic properties (pH < 1) and complete water miscibility make it an essential reagent across multiple industries.

Key Applications

  • Lead-Acid Batteries: Primary electrolyte in automotive, marine, and industrial battery systems, providing essential ionic conductivity for electrical energy storage and discharge
  • Chemical Synthesis: Critical reagent in manufacturing processes for pharmaceuticals, dyes, explosives, and other organic compounds requiring strong acid catalysis
  • Metal Processing: Used in pickling operations to remove oxide scales from steel and other metals, preparing surfaces for galvanizing and coating processes
  • pH Adjustment: Industrial pH control in water treatment facilities, chemical processing plants, and manufacturing operations requiring precise acidity levels

Safety & Handling

Sulfuric Acid Battery Acid requires careful handling due to its highly corrosive nature. Personnel must wear appropriate PPE including acid-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing. Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas as vapor exposure can cause respiratory irritation. The product has no flash point or autoignition temperature, but generates heat upon dilution with water. Always add acid to water, never water to acid, to prevent violent reactions.

Storage & Shelf Life

Store in acid-resistant containers such as polyethylene or glass, away from metals and organic materials. Maintain storage temperatures between 15-25°C in a dry, well-ventilated area. Keep containers tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Avoid contact with strong bases, metals, and combustible materials. When properly stored, the product maintains stability indefinitely.

Why Alliance Chemical

Alliance Chemical delivers reliable Sulfuric Acid Battery Acid with same-day shipping from our Taylor, Texas facility. We offer flexible shipping options including UPS, LTL, and FTL to meet your schedule and volume requirements. Every order includes comprehensive Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and Certificates of Analysis (COA) to ensure product quality and regulatory compliance for your operations.

Shipping & Availability

Parcel Shipping

UPS Ground supports pints, quarts, and most 1-gallon packages nationwide.

LTL Freight

5-gallon pails, drums, and totes move via LTL carriers such as ABF Freight, SEFL, Saia, and XPO.

Full Truckload

FTL available for palletized bulk orders. Competitive freight rates.

Local Pickup

Same-day pickup at our Taylor, TX warehouse for Texas customers.

SDS, COA, and TDS available for every product • Same-day shipping on orders before 1 PM CT

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Sulfuric Acid - Battery Acid (H2SO4) and what is it used for?
Sulfuric Acid - Battery Acid (CAS 7664-93-9, formula H2SO4) is a strong mineral acid commonly supplied at ~37% for battery electrolytes; it is used as the electrolyte in lead-acid batteries and as a reagent in industrial processes and laboratories for chemical synthesis, metal treatment, and pH adjustment.
How should Sulfuric Acid - Battery Acid be stored and what is its shelf life?
Store in a cool, dry, well‑ventilated area in corrosion‑resistant containers (HDPE, glass or lined steel), away from heat and incompatible materials; keep containers tightly closed and upright. When stored sealed and uncontaminated, battery‑grade sulfuric acid has an effectively indefinite shelf life, though diluted or opened material should be tested before critical use.
What safety precautions and PPE are required when handling sulfuric acid battery acid?
Handle with chemical splash goggles, face shield, acid‑resistant gloves (neoprene or butyl), long sleeves or acid apron, and work in a fume‑ventilated area; have eyewash and safety shower readily available. Avoid inhalation of fumes, contact with skin or eyes, and always add acid to water when diluting to control heat release.
What are the health hazards of exposure to sulfuric acid and recommended first aid measures?
Sulfuric acid is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns to skin and eyes and respiratory irritation if inhaled. For contact, flush affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention; if inhaled, move to fresh air and get medical help; if swallowed, do not induce vomiting and seek emergency care immediately.
What does a 37% concentration mean and how does it differ from other concentrations?
A 37% concentration denotes approximately 37% w/w sulfuric acid in water and is the common strength used for battery electrolytes; physical properties and hazards scale with concentration. Higher concentrations (>90%) are much more corrosive and more reactive, while lower concentrations reduce corrosivity and change specific gravity and conductivity.
What documentation is available for sulfuric acid - battery acid?
Suppliers typically provide a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), Certificate of Analysis (COA), and Technical Data Sheet (TDS); additional regulatory or transport documents can be supplied on request. Review the SDS for hazards, PPE recommendations, and emergency response instructions prior to use.
How is sulfuric acid - battery acid shipped and packaged?
Battery acid is shipped as a hazardous corrosive (Class 8) and is commonly packaged in HDPE drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs/totes), or transported in bulk tankers; packaging and labeling must comply with applicable transport regulations. Shipments require proper documentation, placarding, and trained carriers for hazardous materials.
Which materials are compatible or incompatible with sulfuric acid battery acid?
Compatible materials include glass, PTFE, certain plastics like HDPE and polypropylene, and some lead‑based linings; many metals (aluminum, zinc, magnesium, and some steels) and organic materials are rapidly attacked. Sulfuric acid reacts violently with strong reducing agents and organics and releases heat when mixed with water, so compatibility testing is recommended for specific applications.
What are the typical technical specifications for battery grade sulfuric acid?
Typical specs: CAS 7664-93-9, formula H2SO4, nominal concentration 37% w/w for battery use, appearance colorless to pale yellow oily liquid, and specific gravity around 1.28 at 25°C; pH is strongly acidic (typically <1). Exact impurity limits and analytical data are provided on the COA for each batch.
Which industries use sulfuric acid - battery acid and how can I purchase it?
Common users include automotive and battery manufacturers, metal finishing and pickling operations, chemical producers, and research laboratories. It is sold in drums, totes, and bulk loads; contact suppliers for pricing, minimum order quantities, SDS/COA, and any regulatory requirements for purchase and transport.

Documentation & Downloads

Safety Data Sheet
SDS / MSDS
Request COA
Certificate of Analysis
Technical Data Sheet (TDS)
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