Nitric Acid 25%

Product Overview

Nitric Acid 25% is a clear, colorless aqueous solution of nitric acid (HNO₃) engineered for safety and consistency in industrial use. This diluted form preserves the strong oxidizing capability characteristic of concentrated nitric acid while offering improved handling properties for processes that require controlled acidity and reactive performance. The product is formulated to deliver reliable titratable acidity (assayed as wt% HNO₃) within tight specification bands, enabling precise pH control and predictable oxidation behavior in process streams. Its low residuals and stringent impurity profile support consistent results across applications that demand high purity and reproducibility.

Designed for versatility, Nitric Acid 25% is suitable for etching, oxidation, and analytical workflows, as well as pH adjustment in water treatment and nitrate production for fertilizer manufacturing. The solution is stabilized for stability under controlled storage and handling conditions, and its physical properties—including density, vapor pressure, and appearance—facilitate integration into existing plant equipment and process controls. The product aligns with established industry practices for reagent-grade materials used in laboratory and industrial settings, delivering dependable performance with reduced risk relative to more concentrated forms.

Key Properties

• Assay (wt % HNO₃): 24–26 (typical 25) — Test Method: Titration with standardized NaOH
• Color (APHA/Hazen): max 5 (typical 2) — Test Method: APHA/Hazen visual comparison
• Specific Gravity (20°C): 1.10–1.12 (typical 1.115) — Test Method: Hydrometer/pycnometer
• Residue After Ignition: max 0.01% (typical 0%) — Test Method: Gravimetric after ignition at 550°C
• Chloride (ppm): max 20 (typical 5) — Test Method: IC or ICP-OES
• Nitrate NO₃⁻ (ppm): max 5000 (typical 1500) — Test Method: IC
• Ammonium (NH₄⁺, ppm): max 5 (typical 1) — Test Method: IC
• Sulfate (SO₄²⁻, ppm): max 10 (typical 2) — Test Method: IC
• Phosphate (PO₄³⁻, ppm): max 5 (typical 1) — Test Method: IC
• Arsenic (As, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-MS
• Heavy Metals (as Pb, ppm): max 0.5 (typical 0.1) — Test Method: ICP-MS
• Iron (Fe, ppm): max 0.2 (typical 0.05) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Copper (Cu, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Manganese (Mn, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Nickel (Ni, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Lead (Pb, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Zinc (Zn, ppm): max 0.5 (typical 0.1) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Aluminum (Al, ppm): max 0.2 (typical 0.05) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Chromium (Cr, ppm): max 0.1 (typical 0.02) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Cobalt (Co, ppm): max 0.05 (typical 0.01) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Calcium (Ca, ppm): max 50 (typical 15) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Magnesium (Mg, ppm): max 20 (typical 5) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Potassium (K, ppm): max 30 (typical 10) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Sodium (Na, ppm): max 30 (typical 10) — Test Method: ICP-OES
• Water: max 0.15% (typical 0.05) — Test Method: Karl Fischer titration
• Acidity (meq): max 0.5 (typical 0.2) — Test Method: Acid-base titration
• Aldehydes: max 5 ppm (typical 1) — Test Method: GC-FID

Common Applications

• Etching Agent: Electronics industry — Used in controlled oxidation and metal surface etching for microfabrication and semiconductor processing.
• Oxidizing Agent: Chemical Manufacturing — Provides strong oxidizing capability for diverse synthetic reactions and polishing steps.
• pH Adjuster: Water Treatment — Utilized to regulate acidity in municipal and industrial water treatment systems, influencing corrosion control and process pH balance.
• Nitrate Production: Fertilizer Industry — Key precursor in nitrate syntheses for fertilizer formulations.
• Analytical Reagent: Laboratory — Widely employed in analytical procedures requiring acid media and precise titration standards.
• Cleaning and Surface Prep: Metalworking — Used for preparing metal surfaces prior to plating or coating, aiding adhesion and cleanliness.

Safety Precautions

Handle with appropriate engineering controls and PPE in a well-ventilated area. Store in corrosion-resistant containers such as HDPE or glass in a cool, dry location away from incompatible materials. Maintain container integrity to minimize exposure to vapors; use appropriate PPE including chemically resistant gloves, goggles, and lab coat. Ensure containment measures are in place to prevent spills and accidental contact with reactive metals or organics.

Additional safety considerations include strict adherence to SDS guidance: use appropriate ventilation to control inhalation exposure, monitor for potential corrosion of metals, and follow emergency procedures for spills or skin/eye contact. In case of exposure, follow first aid measures: skin/eye irrigation, seek medical attention if symptoms persist, and evacuate the area if inhalation symptoms occur. Transport and handling should comply with UN 2031, Nitric acid, Class 8, Packing Group II requirements.

Benefits

✔ High-purity, ACS Reagent Grade compliance – Delivers consistent assay and low impurity levels for reliable process outcomes.
✔ Controlled concentration with strong oxidizing power – Enables precise oxidation steps while facilitating safer handling compared to concentrated solutions.