Sulfuric Acid 37% - Battery Acid

Product Overview

Sulfuric Acid 37% - Battery Acid is a high-purity, colorless to pale yellow liquid designed for demanding industrial applications where strong acid conductivity is essential. With a typical acidity of 37% w/w (min 36%, max 38%) and a low residue after ignition, this solution provides reliable performance as an electrolyte in lead-acid battery systems and in chemical synthesis where precise proton availability is required. Its dense, highly conductive properties are suitable for energy storage, electrochemical processes, and controlled pH adjustment. The product adheres to ACS reagent-grade specifications and USP-NF monograph standards, underpinning its suitability for rigorous laboratory and manufacturing environments, while maintaining compatibility with corrosion-resistant containment materials such as HDPE and glass.

As a widely used electrolyte, Sulfuric Acid 37% offers consistent specific gravity and impurity control to minimize contamination in sensitive processes. The formulation is maintained under controlled conditions to ensure stability and extended storage life, with tight specifications on trace metals, chlorides, nitrates, and other potential contaminants. This attention to quality supports long-term performance in battery manufacturing, metal finishing, and chemical synthesis, aligning with industry best practices and regulatory expectations for safety and reliability.

Key Properties

• CAS: 7664-93-9
• Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
• Odor: Odorless
• Chemical Formula: H₂SO₄
• Molecular Weight: 98.08 g/mol
• Boiling Point: 338°C
• Specific Gravity (20°C): 1.29 (typical)
• Density (25°C): 1.2 g/mL
• Vapor Pressure (20°C): 0.3 mmHg
• Solubility: Soluble in water
• Typical Acidity (Meq): 0.05 meq (typical) / 0.15 meq max
• Available Chlorine (Iodometric): 0.2% typical; 0.5% max
• Chloride (Cl⁻): 20 ppm typical; 50 ppm max
• Nitrate (NO₃⁻): 5 ppm typical; 20 ppm max
• Arsenic (As): 0.1 ppm typical; 0.5 ppm max
• Lead (Pb): 0.1 ppm typical; 0.5 ppm max
• Iron (Fe): 0.2 ppm typical; 1 ppm max
• Chlorate (ClO₃⁻): 2 ppm typical; 10 ppm max
• Phosphate (PO₄³⁻): 1 ppm typical; 5 ppm max
• Chromium (Cr): 0.1 ppm typical; 0.5 ppm max
• Nickel (Ni): 0.05 ppm typical; 0.5 ppm max

Common Applications

• Lead-Acid Battery Electrolyte: Primary electrolyte for energy storage and supply in automotive and stationary power applications, requiring high purity and low impurities to maximize battery life and performance.
• Chemical Synthesis: Reactant in industrial production, including fertilizer and specialty chemical syntheses, where controlled acidity and purity are critical for reaction selectivity.
• pH Adjustment: Used in wastewater and process streams to achieve precise pH control, enabling downstream unit operations and compliance with discharge standards.
• Metal Processing: Employed in pickling and surface preparation to remove oxides and scale prior to coating or fabrication, with stringent impurity control to prevent coating defects.
• Catalysis in Reactions: Functions as a catalyst or co-catalyst in selected organic and inorganic reactions, improving reaction rates and process efficiency under controlled conditions.
• Electroplating and Anodizing: Provides essential electrolyte characteristics for metal finishing processes, with compatibility to electrochemical cells and containment materials.

Safety Precautions

Handling, storage, and protective equipment are required to manage the highly corrosive nature of sulfuric acid. Use in a well-ventilated area, within a fume hood if possible, with appropriate PPE including chemical-resistant gloves, splash goggles, and a face shield when necessary. Store in corrosion-resistant containers (HDPE or glass) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from bases, organic materials, and reducing agents. Ensure secondary containment and emergency eyewash stations are readily accessible in storage and use areas.

Secondary safety considerations include monitoring for potential metal corrosion and implementing spill response protocols per SDS guidance. Exposure limits should be observed, and in the event of exposure, follow established emergency procedures: flush eyes with water for several minutes, remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin, and seek medical attention for inhalation, ingestion, or significant skin/eye contact. This product is classified as DANGER with multiple hazard statements, and proper handling under the SDS is essential to mitigate risks associated with skin and eye burn, metal corrosion, and respiratory irritation.

Benefits

✔ High Purity and Consistent Composition – ACS and USP-NF compliant formulation with tight impurity profiles support reliable performance in batteries and chemistry applications.
✔ Low Impurity Levels – Trace metals and anions are tightly controlled to minimize contamination and maximize process efficiency.
✔ Excellent Conductivity – 37% acidity delivers robust electrolyte conductivity essential for lead-acid battery operation and electrochemical processes.
✔ Storage Stability – Specification-driven quality ensures stability under controlled storage conditions, extending shelf life up to 24 months.
✔ Regulatory Compliance – Meets ACS reagent-grade and USP-NF monograph standards, with comprehensive SDS guidance for safe handling.